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Dr. Shanker Adawal

Astrological Mathematics between a Genius and Inventor

Dr. Shanker Adawal (Jyotishaacharya, PHD, MBA)

It is known to all that birth stars help the native to become a genius and Inventor but `Karma’ of the native is also important. The knowledge has to be acquired by doing `karma’ by way of learning and even if you are born with good stars, your deeds must help you to go ahead in life. Remembering Giani Zail Singh, the then President of India it is stated that he rose to the highest position because of birth stars and `Karma’. The known scientist Jagdish Chandra Bose (DOB – 30^th November, 1858 A.D. at 4.25 P.M. – (LMT) (Long – 90.2 (E) and Lat 23.33 (N). Chart: The Sun – 227.1, The Moon 170, Mars 291.52, Mercury 243.48, Jupiter 56.39, Venus 247.38, Saturn – Rahu 312.49 and Ketu 132.49) showed a marked bent towards inventions from a very early age. Apart from having distinction in physics, the native brought to highlight many things pertaining to plant life. He had parivarthana (exchange) of houses between Venus (Lord of house of speech, fortune and intellect) (Born with Taurus Lagna (32 degrees of Zodiac) and Jupiter (Lord of the house of education and the Karka for wisdom) with reference to Chandra Lagan. The 2^nd, 4^th, 5^th and 9^th houses are important in assessing the intellectual greatness and worth of an individual. At the same time the Moon was aspected by Saturn as well as Jupiter and that is why he had been the victim of prejudice and race discrimination. Saturn’s aspect over the Moon must have given him lot of worry but Jupiter’s aspect enabled him to cultivate the strength of mind which is very essential for achieving the great objects. Jupiter in Lagna rendered him intensely human who could see deeply that the essential brotherhood of man was a growing reality and not a mere abstraction. Further, Mercury, Jupiter and Venus were completely free from malefics and these became responsible for knowledge, intelligence and wisdom.

Shanker Adawal
www.shankerstudy.com, www.shankarsastro.com 

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Learn Vedic Astrology - Advance Level - Lunar Calendar and Panchang - Part III

VII Other Eras/calendars: Other calendars prevalent in India are:

S.No. – 1
Era – Shaka (National)
Year in 2004 - 1926
From Christian Era - - 78 yrs.
Begins – Solar ingress in sayana Aries

S.No. - 2
Era – Shaka (Lunar)
Year in 2004 - 1926
From Christian Era - -78 yrs.
Begins – Chaitra shukla pratipada

S.No. - 3
Era – Shaka (Solar)
Year in 2004 - 1926
From Christian Era - - 78 yrs.
Begins – Solar ingress in niryana Aries

S.No. - 4
Era – Vikrami (Solar)
Year in 2004 - 2061
From Christian Era - + 57 yrs.
Begins – Solar ingress in niryana Aries

S.No. - 5
Era – (Vikrami (Chaitradi)
Year in 2004 - 2061
From Christian Era - + 57 yrs.
Begins – Chaitra shukla pratipada

S.No. - 6
Era – Vikrami (Shukladi)
Year in 2004 - 2061
From Christian Era - + 57 yrs.
Begins – Kartik shukla pratipada

S.No. - 7
Era – Islamic (Hajira)
Year in 2004 - 1425
From Christian Era - - 579 yrs.
Begins – Moharram 1st

S.No. - 8
Era – Budha Nirvan Era
Year in 2004 - 2548
From Christian Era - + 544 yrs.
Begins – Vaisakh shukla 15 - Poornima

S.No. - 9
Era – Mahavir Nirvan Era
Year in 2004 - 2531
From Christian Era - + 527 yrs.
Begins – Kartik shukla pratipada

(25)

Bhava (House) Lord in different Houses
1L
1H – Healthy, valorous, thinker, amorous, two wives or women
2H – Wealthy, happy, well-behaved, intelligent, many wives
3H – Valorous like lion, all types of wealth, respected, two wives, intelligent, happy
4H – Happiness from parents, many brothers, sexy, intelligent, beautiful
5H – Medium happiness from son, loss of eldest progeny, respected, angry, loved by king
6H – Sickly, unhappiness from enemy (when afflicted)
7H – When malefic – loss of wife; when benefic – traveling, recluse or king
8H – Siddha knowing, diseased, thief, angry, gambler, adulterous
9H – Fortunate, popular, spiritual clever in speech, endowed with wife, son and wealth
10H – Happiness from father, respected by king, famous, earning from self-efforts
11H – Earner, well behaved, famous, kind hearted
12H – Sickly, useless spender, great angry

2L
1H – Having son, oppose family, sexy, obstinate, servant
2H – Wealthy, famous, two or more wives, without sons
3H – Valorous, intelligent, skilled, sexy, money-minded, if afflicted oppose God
4H – All types of wealth, if with Jupiter or exalted kind or equivalent to a king
5H – Wealthy, son also wealth earner
6H – With benefic – gains from enemy, if afflicted loss from enemy and of weak thighs
7H – Adulterous, healer; if afflicted wife3 adulterous
8H – Landed & wealthy, short happiness from wife and unhappiness from brother
9H – Wealthy, skilled, clever, unhappy in childhood, religious travels, observe fasts
10H – Sexy, respected pundit, wealthy, many wives, no/unhappiness from sons
11H – All types of gains, hard working, respected, famous
12H – Valorous, without wealth, dependent on others, eldest progeny do not survive

3L
1H – Earnings by self efforts, valorous, intelligent even uneducated
2H – Big body, weak, without happiness, adulterous
3H – Happiness from siblings, wealthy son, endowed with luxuries
4H – Happy, wealthy, intelligent, bad wife
5H – Endowed with son, good qualities, when afflicted – bad wife
6H – Inimical to brother and maternal uncle but love for maternal aunt, very wealthy,
7H – Servant of king, unhappy in childhood, happiness in the end
8H – Thief, servant, punishable by king
9H – Without happiness from father, fortune rises through wife, with son etc.
10H – All types of happiness, earning through self-efforts, sheltering bad women
11H – Rich from trade, intelligent even uneducated, valorous, helping others
12H – Spending in bad activities, father cruel, rise in fortune through wife

4L
1H – Educated, intelligent, good qualities, land, property, happiness from mother
2H – All types of wealth, large family, respected valorous, dual life
3H – Valorous, endowed with servants, kind, healthy, with qualities donor, self earner
4H – Minister to king, endowed with all wealth, clever, well behaved, respected, intelligent, wife love
5H – Happy, loved by all, believer of God, respected, with qualities, earns from self effort
6H – Without happiness from mother, angry, thief, adulterous, ill-hearted
7H – Knowing many sciences, denouncer of inheritance, shines like gem in an assembly
8H – With happiness of house or family, little happiness from parents, impotent like
9H – Loved by all, worshipper of Gods, with qualities, respected, endowed with all happiness
10H – Honored by king, chemical knowledge, extremely happy, victorious over senses
11H – Disease in secret parts, kind hearted, donor
12H – With happiness of house etc., fool, illicit relations, lazy


(26)
5L
1H – Endowed with son, wise, bad hearted, acquire other’s wealth
2H – Many sons, wealthy, earner for family, respected, loved by wife, famous
3H – Loved by siblings, miser, criticizing, selfish
4H – Endowed with all happiness, happiness from mother, wealthy, intelligent, minister or Rajguru
5H – With benefic – have sons, malefic associated – without progeny but intelligent and kind to friends
6H – Enmity with son or without son or have adopted son
7H – Respected obeying all religions, kind, endowed with son etc.
8H – Less sons, cough and respiratory disorder, angry, without happiness
9H – Son king or equivalent to king, author, famous, best in whole family
10H – King, all happiness, famous
11H – Wise, popular, author, skilled, many sons and wealthy
12H – Without happiness from son, adopted son or son born from other wife

6L
1H – Sickly, famous, enemy of relatives, wealthy, valorous, with qualities
2H – Valorous, best among family, foreign residence, happy speaker, dutiful
3H – Angry, weak, enemy of brother, with cruel servant
4H – With happiness from mother, doing as per his liking, criticizing, jealous, wealthy
5H – Unstable wealth, enmity with son etc., happy, selfish, kind
6H – Enmity with relatives, friendship with others, medium wealth
7H – Without happiness from wife, famous, with qualities, intelligent, respected, valorous, wealthy
8H – Diseased, enmity with pundits, eye for other’s wealth, adulterous, impure
9H – Seller of wood and leaves, fluctuating trade
10H – Best in family, disrespect for father, speaker, happy in foreign lands
11H – Wealth from enemy, intelligent, valorous, respected, without happiness from son
12H – Spends in luxuries, jealous of wise ones, killer of living beings

7L
1H – Adulterous, ill natured, clever, impatient, windy problems
2H – Many wives, riches from wives
3H – Progeny short lived, one son lives after great efforts
4H – Wife not in control, truthful, intelligent, spiritual, with dental problem
5H – Respected, endowed with all qualities, always happy, all wealth
6H – Wife sickly or enmity with her, angry, unhappy
7H – Happiness from wife, patient, clever, intelligent, windy problems
8H – Without happiness from wife, sick wife, bad and uncontrolled
9H – Relations with many wives or women, attached to wife, many works
10H – Wife uncontrolled, religious, with son and wealth
11H – Gains from wife, less happiness from son, more daughters
12H – Poor, miser, wife spender, benefit from cloth trade


8L
1H – Sickly critical of spiritual person, with wound
2H – Without valor, little wealth
3H – Without happiness from siblings, lazy, weak, without servant
4H – Without happiness from siblings, lazy, weak, without servant
5H – Fool, less sons, long age, wealthy
6H – Victory over enemies, sick, fear of snake or water in old age
7H – Two wives, if afflicted loss in business
8H – Long lived, if 8L weak medium age, thief, critical of others
9H – Critical of religion, non-believer, bad character wife, gain others wealth
10H – Without happiness from father, lazy, critical
11H – If afflicted without wealth, sad in childhood, long lived if benefic associated
12H – Spending in illicit activities, short age if afflicted

(27)
9L
1H – Fortunate, honored by king, well behaved, beautiful, intelligent, worshiped by public
2H – Pundit, popular, wealthy, sexy, endowed with wife son etc.
3H – With happiness from siblings, wealthy, with good qualities, beautiful, well behaved
4H – House, conveyances, all type of wealth, worshipper of mother
5H – Son happiness, respectful to teachers, patient, religious, pundit
6H – Less fortunate, without happiness from maternal uncle, sad from enemies
7H – Fortune rise from wife, intelligent, famous, best in other communities
8H – Unlucky, without happiness of elder brother
9H – Very fortunate, intelligent, beautiful, happiness from siblings
10H – King or king like, minister or army chief, intelligent, respected by public
11H – Gains always, respectful to teachers, intelligent, kind soul
12H – Unfortunate, poor because spends in auspicious works, on guests etc.


10L
1H – Wise and intelligent, famous, wealthy, poet, sick in childhood, riches grow day by day
2H – Wealthy, intelligent, honored by king, giving donations, happiness of father etc.
3H – Happiness of brothers and servants, valorous, intelligent, orator, truthful
4H – Happy, respects mother, endowed with conveyances, land, house, intelligent, wealthy
5H – Knowledge of many sciences, happy, wealthy, with son
6H – Without happiness from father, poor though clever, troubled by enemies
7H – Happiness from wife, intelligent, thinker, orator, interested in religion and truthfulness
8H – Lazy, long lived, critical
9H – King born in a king’s family, endowed with wealth, son etc.
10H – Skill in profession, happy, valorous, truthful, respectful to teachers
11H – Endowed with wealth, son etc., happy, intelligent, truthful
12H – Spending through king, fear of enemy, always worried though clever


11L
1H – Satwik, wealthy, happy, poet, orator, always gaining
2H – All types of wealth, success in all activities, spiritual, happy
3H – Skilled, wealthy, happy from siblings, may be colic pains
4H – Wealth from maternal side, religious travels, endowed with land, building
5H – Sons happy, intelligent and well behaved; native himself religious and happy
6H – Sick, cruel mind, lives in foreign places, troubled by enemies
7H – Wealth from wife side, kind, intelligent, sexy, controlled by wife
8H – Losses, long lived, wife dies before him
9H – Fortunate, clever, truthful, honored by king, wealthy
10H – Honored by king, intelligent, engaged in his own religion, truthful, victorious of senses
11H – Profit in all activities, pundit and happy
12H – Spends in good activities, sexy, many wives, friendship of bad people

12L
1H – Extravagant, weak, suffers from cough, without wealth or education
2H – Spends in good activities, religious, goodspeech, intelligent happy
3H – Without happiness of siblings, jealous, selfish
4H – Without happiness of mother, land, property
5H – Without progeny or education, expenses for son, religious visits, fast
6H – Jealous of relatives, angry, sad, adulterous
7H – Spends on wife, unhappiness from wife
8H – Make good profit, sweet speech, medium age, all qualities
9H – Jealous of friends and teachers, selfish
10H – Expenses for king, less happiness from father
11H – Loss of gains
12H – Excess expenses, sick, angry, jealous

Note: The above results are arrived at after analyzing dignity, strength, placement etc. In case of same type of results by a planet owning two sings – eg. In one gain and in other loss of wealth then none of the result occur that means neither gain nor loss. In case both are good or one good but one bad results (both different type results) then both occurs.

(28)
1L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H, 3H
Inauspicious Bhavas – 6,8,12H,

2L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H
1H – self made;
5H – miser;
7H – gain from wife, pleasures
10H – govt. service

Inauspicious Bhavas – 3H, 6,8,12H
3H – quarrelsome, dishonest;
6H – wealthy but losses, service;
8H – deceit, sudden gain

3L
Auspicious Bhavas – 3,10,11H, 5,9H
3H – mal. 3L adverse relations;
5H – children/siblings unintelligent;
9H – good for sibling, bad for native;
10H – prosperous with efforts
Inauspicious Bhavas - 1,4,7H, 2H, 6,8,12H
1 H – idiot, poor, loose morals;
2H – better if 2L ben.
4H – rebellious, greedy, sibling trouble
6H – goo to brothers, adverse to native
7H – 7L ben. Wife good an beautiful,
7L mal. Adulterous with younger brother, service

4L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H
Inauspicious Bhavas – 3H, 6,8,12H


5L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H 5,9H, 2,11H
4H – adverse for 5H;
10H – few children
Inauspicious Bhavas – 3H, 6,8,12H
3H – selfish, liked by brothers
6H – quarrel, few/childless, adoption;
12H - childless


6L
Auspicious Bhavas – 6,8,12H
8H – wealthy but sick/loose morals;
12H – sudden wealth, loose morals, jealous
Inauspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H, 3H
1H – sickly, inimical, rich, courageous
5H – good health (12th of 6H)
11H – gain from enemies

7L
Auspicious Bhavas – 4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H
2H, 9H – multiple marriage, gain after marriage
10H – earning spouse
Inauspicious Bhavas – 1H, 2,3H, 6,8,12H
1H – adulterous, spouse long lived
3H – delayed/no marriage, child loss
6H – sick wife, conjugal unhappiness; 8H – no wife


8L
Auspicious Bhavas – 6,8,12H
8H – long life, loose morals;
12H – wealthy, not good for longevity
Inauspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H, 3H
1H – longevity if LL strong in good house
2H, 3H – good longevity


9L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H, 3H
9H – movable sign - earn in foreign
Inauspicious Bhavas – 6,8,12H
6H – fluctuating fortune
12H – good spending, good for parents but unfortunate

10L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H, 5,9H, 2,11H, 3H
1H – sick childhood
5H – career obstacles
(6th from 10H)
Inauspicious Bhavas – 6,8,12H
6H – ups and down, superstition; 8H – long lived, loose, disgraced

11L
Auspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H 5,9H 2,11H
10H – with effort (12th from 11H)
Inauspicious Bhavas – 3H, 6,8,12H
3H – brothers obstruct gains; 8H – spouse death during native’s life


12L
Auspicious Bhavas – 2H, 6,8,12H
2H – religious, good expenses, not wealthy
6H – wealthy but unhappy, loose morals
Inauspicious Bhavas – 1,4,7,10H 5,9H, 3H, 11H
1H – extravagant, weak, poor, longevity affected
11H – wealthy ((12th from 12H), extravagant

 Shanker Adawal

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Lunar Calendar and Panchang - Part II

I           Measure of time in Indian calendar – Lunar calendar:

(1)        Lunar day (or Tithi): When Moon gains 12^◦ over Sun’s longitude, one tithi is completed. The mean duration of a tithi is 23^h 37^m 28.096^s. A tithi is determined at sunrise.

(2)        Vridhi or additional tithi: A tithi that extends from before sunrise to after sunrise on the next day is called vridhi tithi. It operates on two successive days.

(3)        Kshaya or omitted tithi: A tithi that begins after a sunrise and end before the sunrise is a kshaya tithi.

(4)        Lunar Month: There are 30 tithis in a lunar month divided into two pakshas – 1 to 15 in each of the Shukla (bright half – Sun-Moon in opposition; 15^th tithi is called poornima or Full Moon) and Krishna (darker half – Sun-Moon conjunct; 15^th  tithi is called amavasya or the New Moon) pakshas. The length of lunar month is 29^d 44^m 2.9^s.


There are two types of lunar months:

v  The New Moon ending lunar month covers the period from one New Moon to the next. It is called Shukladi or Amanta. It is followed in Gujarat, Maharashtra, AP etc.

v  The Full Moon ending lunar month covering a period from one Full Moon to the next, is called Krishnadi or Poornimanta. It is followed in MP, Bihar, UP,

Punjab, Delhi, Rajasthan etc.

(5)        In the above systems the naming of months in the shukla paksha are the same but in Krishna paksha the name of next month is denoted in krishnadi system. For example Chaitra shukla in shukladi system is same in krishnadi system and is called chaitra sudi. But Chaitra Krishna in shukladi system is called Vaisakha badi in krishnadi system.

(6)        The names of Hindu months are based on the nakshatra in which the Moon is placed on the day of poornima or the Full Moon. The names of the Hindu months are given below:

Vedic month - 1. Madhu

Hindu Month - Chaitra

Vedic month – 2. Madhav

Hindu Month - Vaisakha

Vedic month – 3. Shukra

Hindu Month - Jyeshtha

Vedic month – 4. Shuchi

Hindu Month - Asadha

Vedic month – 5. Nabha

Hindu Month - Sravana

Vedic month – 6. Nabhas

Hindu Month - Bhadrapad

Vedic month – 7. Isha

Hindu Month - Ashvin

Vedic month – 8. Urja

Hindu Month - Kartik

Vedic month – 9. Seha

Hindu Month - Margshish

Vedic month – 10. Sahasya

Hindu Month -  Pausha

Vedic month – 11. Tapa

Hindu Month - Magha

Vedic month – 12. Tapasya

Hindu Month - Phalguna

(7)        Lunar year: A lunar year is period of 12 lunar months from 1^st  tithi of      shukla  paksha to amavasya (in shukladi system) or 12 lunar months from 1^st tithi of Krishna paksha to poornima (in krishnadi system). Lunar year begins from 1^st tithi of Chaitra shukla paksha. The duration of a lunar year is 29.53x12 = 354.37 days.

II         Solar month:  A solar month is determined on Sun’s entry into a sign. In Hindu system there are different methods of determining the beginning of a solar month i.e. the sunrise rule, the midnight rule etc. In western astrology it is determined by the solar ingress into a sign in sayana system. Whereas in Hindu astrology it is calculated on the solar ingress into a sign in niryana system, called sankranti. Currently there is a difference of about 24 days between the two (equal to about 24^o  of ayanamsha). As per Vikrami samvat (solar), the names of Hindu months are based on sankranti stating from 14^th January when Sun enters Capricorn sign (Makar sankranti). They are Magha, Phalguna, Chaitra, Vaisakha, Jyeshtha, Asadha, Sravan, Bhadrapada, Ashvin, Kartika, Margshis and Pausa.

III Ayana: There are two ayanas. The first ayana is uttarayana (called day of Gods – period is good for shodas sanskara – the 16 rituals) when the Sun starts its northerly course at winter solstice from the Tropic of Capricorn. The second ayana is dakshinayana (called night of Gods) when the Sun starts its southerly course from the Tropic of Cancer.

IV Seasons: The Hindu seasons are called ritus, which are related to ayanas. The ritus of shishir (winter), basant (spring) and grishma (summer) occur during uttarayana. The varsa (rains), sharad (autumn) and hemant (winter) occur in dakshinayana. The ritus occur during the sayana transit of Sun in two signs each, as follows:

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 10, 11

Ritu or season – shishir (winter)

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 12, 1

Ritu or season – basant (spring)

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 2, 3

Ritu or season – grishma (summer)

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 4, 5

Ritu or season – varsha (rains)

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 6, 7

Ritu or season – sharad (autumn)

Sayana transit of Sun in signs – 8, 9

Ritu or season – hemant (winter)

V         The Panchang: It has five organs as follows:

(1)        Tithi: It has been explained above. It is indicative of the Moon’s separation from the Sun. Each tithi has 12^o separation (12x30 = 360^o ).(2)        Nakshatra: It indicates the Moon’s nakshatra on various tithes. There are 27 nakshatras as explained earlier.

(3)        Yoga: There are 27 yogas, each measuring 13^o 20’ (360^o/27 = 13^o 20’). They are:

Vishkambha – Gand – Parigh

Priti – Vridhi – Shiv

Ayushman – Dhruva – Sidha

Shaubhagya – Vyaghat – Sadhya

Shobhan – Harshan – Shubha

Atigamd – Vajra – Shukla

Sukarma – Sidhi – Brahma

Dhriti – Vyatipat – Indra

Shoola – Variyan – Vaidhriti

(4) Karana: A karana is a half of a tithi or 6^o  of arc. There are four fixed-karan – Shakuni, Chatuspada, Naga and Kimstughana. They occur only once in a lunar month. There are 7 karana which recur eight times during rest of the lunar month.

(5) Vaar: It is the day of the week.

VI        Modern calendar:

(1)        Julian year: Introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC. In this ordinary year has 365 days and every fourth year has 366 days. This was 11 minutes and 10 seconds longer and an error had accumulated and was superceded by the Gregorian year.

(2)        Gregorian year: introduced by Pope Gregory XII in 1582 and now used through out the world. Adopted in Great Britain in 1752 by suppressing 11 days of accumulated error in Julian year.

Shanker Adawal
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Learn Vedic Astrology - Advance Level

Astronomical Concepts Essential to Astrology

I      Lunar months: One revolution of Moon around the earth is called lunar month. There are following four types of lunar months:

           

(1)       The Sidereal month: Period during the Moon, when observed from earth against a fixed star, moves around the zodiac once and returns to the same star. Its duration is 27.3217 mean solar days (27^d 7^h 43^m).

(2)       The Synodic month (a Lunation): It is the period between one new Moon (a conjunction of Sun and the Moon) to the next. Its duration is 29.5306 mean solar days (29^d 12^h 44^m). It is larger than sidereal month as it indicates relation of the Moon with the Sun. During one revolution of the Moon around earth, the Sun also moves by slightly less than one sign. To catch up the Sun, the Moon has to take extra time.

(3)        The Nodical month: It is time the Moon takes to complete one round from Rahu to Ketu and back to Rahu – the Moon’s nodes. Its duration is about 27.2122 mean solar days.

(4)        The Anomalistic month: This is duration of time that the Moon takes to complete one revolution around the earth, in its orbit from perigee to perigee. Its duration is about 27.5546 mean solar days.

(5)        The Moon revolves around earth in elliptical orbit (so does the earth around the Sun). The orbit is in constant flux due to perturbations caused by the Sun and the planets. Perigee is the point at which the Moon in orbit around the earth is at the least distance from the earth. Its reverse is called Apogee.

(6)        An anomalistic lunar month is the lunar equivalent to the solar anomalistic month, which indicates the passage of the Sun around the earth from perigee to perigee or the passage of the earth around the Sun from perihelion to perihelion. Perihelion and Aphelion are to perigee and apogee, with the Sun as the center and the planets orbiting around it.

II         Cycles of the Moon:

(1)        Lunar year: it is a synodic year consisting of 12 synodic months, amounting to a duration of about 354 days. It contains 360 lunar dates or tithes (30 tithis in one synodic month). This year falls short of a solar year (equal to 365.25 days) by about 11 days.

(2)        Luni-Solar year: If a totally lunar calendar were followed, the various seasons would fail to coincide with the lunar months, since the lunar year would end 11 days earlier than a solar year. This would mean a difference of over one month over three solar year. In order to compensate this and to make the solar and lunar calendar function side by side, a luni-solar concept has been developed so that an extra lunar month is added approximately three years or earlier. It is called an intercalary month (Adhik maasa). The various `Yugas’ consisting of 3-year cycle, 5-year cycle, 8-year cycle, 11-year cycle, 19 years cycle, 30-year cycle etc. signified brilliant attempts by Indian pre-Vedic astronomers to harmonise the solar and lunar years. The 19-year cycle appears to be most accurate `observed’ Yuga or cycle. It consists of 7 intercalary months over a period of 19 solar years. Therefore in a period of 228 solar months, there are 235 lunar (synodic months (New Moon or Full moon).

(3)        The Metonic cycle: Consistent with above observation by vedic astronomers, Meton (433 BC) discovered that there occur 235 lunations in a period of 19 solar years. 19 solar years equals to 19x365.2422=6939.60 days and 235 lunations equals to 235x29.5306=6939.69. The two figures are remarkably close. It means that 19 solar years are equal to 19 lunar years and 7 lunar months.

(4)        The 19 years luni-solar cycle is so accurate that the tithes or lunar dates on similar days after exactly 19 years. Even astronomical phenomenon like, eclipses recur after 19 years interval with fair precision.

(5)        Adhik Maasa or Intercalary month: Sun’s ingress in to a sign is called `Sankranti’. A lunar month in which there is no solar ingress into a sign is an intercalary month or Adhik maasa. An intercalary month occurs once in about 3 years and 16 days. Roughly in three years, there is an intercalary month. That year, there are 13 lunar months.

(6)        Kshaya or Omitted month: It occurs when there are two solar ingresses in one lunar year. This is rare. When there is a Kshaya maasa, there occur two intercalary months during that one-year. It occurred once in Saka 1744 & Saka 1885.

III        Eclipses: There are two types of eclipsers – Solar and Lunar eclipses.

(1)        Solar eclipse is caused when the Moon is in between the Sun and the earth; and the shadow of the Moon falls on the earth cutting the portion of Sun (or eclipsing the Sun) when viewed from the earth. This occurs on New Moon day, when the Sun and the Moon are conjunct and happen to lie on same side of the earth. Since the orbit of the Moon is tilted at an angle of approximately 5^◦ to the ecliptic,  the Sun-Moon-earth trio does not always fall in a straight line on every New Moon day. Therefore solar eclipse does not occur on every New Moon day.

(2)        The Moon’s path cross the Sun’s path at ascending and descending nodes (i.e. Rahu and Ketu). In order that the Sun-Moon-earth falls in a straight line, Sun and Moon be fairly close to Rahu or Ketu. A solar eclipse is likely to occur if a New Moon occurs within 18 ½ degrees of a node, and certainly if distance is less than 15^◦.

(3)        Lunar eclipse occurs when the earth lies between the Sun and the Moon. It happens on a Full Moon day when they are in one line. Since the orbit of the Moon is tilted at an angle of approximately 5^◦ to the ecliptic, the Sun-Moon-earth trio does not always fall in a straight line on every Full Moon day giving rise to lunar eclipse every Full moon day.

(4)        A lunar eclipse is likely to happen when the distance between the Moon and a node is less than 12 degrees, and certainly if less than 9 ½ degrees.

(5)        The Sun-Moon-earth falling in straight line repeats after every 18 years and 10 days. Therefore an eclipse is repeated exactly after this period.

Shanker Adawal
www.shankerstudy.com, www.shankarsastro.com

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Learn Vedic Astrology, Chapter 11

Houses Significations

First House (Significations)

Rules the body, appearance, health, limbs, strength, birth place, antecedents, off age, happiness, misery, dignity, political training, long hair, pride, livelihood, avarice (good for wealth) arrogance, discontent calumny (slander, malicious); sea journey sate of health, mind, being;

· 12^th from 2H : loss of family food

· 11^th from 3H : gain of brothers, friends

· 10^th from 4H : reputation of mother, family

· 9^th from 5H : Journeys/ luck of children

· 8^th from 6H : troubles from enemies/ debtors

· 7^th from 7H : affairs, health and appearance of spouse

· 6^th from 8H : illness of spouse’³ family

· 4^th from 10H : carrier achievement, ambitions

· 3^rd from 11H : journey, co-born of friends

· 2^nd from 12H: hospital bills, court fees and expenses of similar nature.

Second House (Significations)

Rules, food, learning, possessions, right eye, face, movable property, speech, family, tradition, nail, tongue, nose, money and being:

· 12^th from 3H : loss, hospital, jail of brothers/ neighbors

· 11^th from 4H : gain of mother

· 10^th from 5H : carrier interest, educational performance of children

· 9^th from 6H : journey of maternal relatives

· 8^th from 7H : bequest, legacies through wife

· 7^th from 8H : death of spouse

· 6^th from 9H : ill health, debt, enemy of father

· 5^th from 10H : investment, speculation in careers

· 4^th from 11H : house of friends

· 3^rd from 12H : journey of secret enemy

Third House (Significations)

Rules, right ear, courage, velour, brother, battle, legs, road side places, mental confusion, soldiers, wandering, short journeys, relatives, communication, press, radio, TV, partition of property, female servant, neighbors and being the

· 12^th from 4H: loss, jail, hospitalization of mother, occult practice

· 11^th from 5H : gains of children

· 10^th from 6H : carries and reputation of enemies.

· 9^th from 7H : spouse father’³ long journey, religious and moral inclination

· 8^th from 8H : life and rejuvenation and end of misfortune/ afflictions

· 7^th from 9H : fathers trade associations

· 6^th from 10H : carrier/ status related litigation

· 5^th from 11H : children of friends

· 4^th from 12H : house of secret enemies

· 2^nd from 2H : wealthy of family

Fourth House (Significations)

Rules, house, land, maternal uncle, sister’³ son, vehicle, mother, cow, mine, lost article, kingdom, perfume, ornaments, cloths, river, pond, education, milk, clue to stolen property, corn/ grain in wet lands and being:

· 12^th from 5H : speculation loss, illness of children,

· 11^th from 6H : gains of enemies and maternal uncle.

· 10^th from 7H : carrier and status of spouse or partner

· 9^th from 8H : sudden luck, lottery, bequest

· 8^th from 9H : father’³ inheritance

· 7^th from 10H : spouse of carrier associates

· 6^th from 11H : enemy/ debt of friends

· 5^th from 12H : children of secret enemy and their speculative gains

Fifth House (Significations)

Rules, tolls, taxes, minister, intelligence, children, belly, customary law, morals, love affairs, emotions, pious, pregnancy, speculation, garment, foresight, hereditary post and being the;

Ø 3^rd from 3H : second younger brother, brother’³ friend and their journeys

Ø 4^th from 2H : family estate, car, domestic happiness

Ø 5^th from 1H : 5H

Ø 6^th from 12H : sickness, jail of secret enemies

Ø 7^th from 11H : liaison with associate and colleagues

Ø 8^th from 10H : loss/ affliction in carrier

Ø 9^th from 9H : grandfather or grand uncle

Ø 10^th from 8H : social status of spouse’s family

Ø 11^th from 7H : gain through trade or partnership

Ø 12^th from 6H : secret enemies/ deals, loss of servants and tenements

Ø 2^nd from 4^th H : wealth of mother

Sixth House (Significations)

Rules, debt, arm, thieves, theft, wound, diseases, enemy, paternal relations, evil deeds, fear, humiliation, swelling, insanity, falls, travel from relatives, urinal trouble, misunderstanding with brothers, tenants, servants, and being:

Ø 2^nd from 5H : rules, children family

Ø 3^rd from 4H : estates of neighbors

Ø 6^th from 2H : luck through, singing, speech and family trade

Ø 7^th from 12H : love affair of secret enemies

Ø 8^th from 11H : legacies of friends

Ø 9^th from 10H : deputation, transfer, official journeys

Ø 10^th from 9H : father’³ carriers

Ø 11^th from 8H : death of friends

Ø 12^th from 7H : secret enemies and affairs of spouse

Seventh House (Significations)

Rules, spouse, desire, marriage, affairs, partner, road, public, chastity, flowers, sensuality, virility, anus, trade, diplomacy, gifts, over through power or enemy, adopted son, and being

Ø 2^nd from 6H: wealth of enemies, profir through hospital, clinic

Ø 3^rd from 5H : brother of sweetheart, second younger brother

Ø 4^th from 4H : property of mother

Ø 5^th from 3H : nephew, nieces

Ø 6^th from 2H : family frauds, fugitives

Ø 7^th from 1H : 7H

Ø 8^th from 12H : fines/ death of enemies

Ø 9^th from 11H : friends antecedents and business gains

Ø 10^th from 10H : carrier distinction, public/ social/ humanitarian service, victories

Ø 11^th from 9H : father’³ personal effects

Ø 12^th from 8H : detention of offenders, thief etc.

Eight House (Significations)

Rules, manslayer (marital bonds of females), mental pain, defeat, humiliation, longevity, scandal, impurity, obstacle, slaves, legacies, will, insurance benefits, afflicted face, govt. punishment, accident, calamity and being;

Ø 2nd from 7H : dowry, income through partners

Ø 3^rd from 6H : colleagues/ sympathizer of enemy

Ø 4^th from 5H : children education

Ø 5^th from 4H : gains by literary work/ writing

Ø 6^th from 3H : brother’³ enemy and debts,

Ø 7^th from 2H : substance of spouse

Ø 9^th from 12H : antecedents of conspirators and enemies

Ø 10^th from 11H : career of friends

Ø 11^th from 10H : career gains

Ø 12^th from 9H : father’³ hospitalization, political imprisonment, and departure from ordained duties.

Ninth House (Significations)

Rules preceptor, foreign journey, fortune, father, worship, legal/ religious matter, virtue, grandchild, religious places, drug, science, mental purity, learning, effluence, horses, prosperity, coronation halls and being the;

Ø 2^nd from 8H: gain through insurance and spouses relatives

Ø 3^rd from 7H: letters of partnership, short journey of spouse

Ø 4^th from 6H: property of enemy

Ø 5^th from 5H: grandchildren, speculative gains of children

Ø 6^th from 4H: mother’ health, death, legal cases

Ø 7^th from 3H: brother’³ wife or sister’³ husbands, dispute with brothers

Ø 8^th from 2H: loss of wealth

Ø 10^th from 12H: activity of foes, conspiracies

Ø 11^th from 11H: friends and their business gains

Ø 12^th from 10H: loss of carries

Tenth House (Significations)

Rules, rank, owner, success, status, fame, profession, sky, good conduct, quality, command, athletics, agriculture, doctor, thigh, teaching, authority and being:

Ø 2^nd from 9H: father’s income and family

Ø 3^rd from 8H: legacy document, short journey of spouses family

Ø 4^th from 7H: spouse’s mother

Ø 5^th from 6H : children of tenants and servants

Ø 6^th from 5H : enemy and ill health of children

Ø 7^th from 4H : mothers public activity/ trust or educational institution

Ø 8^th from 3H: death of brothers

Ø 9^th from 2H: fortune of family

Ø 11^th from 12H: friends of ill wishers.

Ø 12^th from 11H: friend’s expenditure and loss

Eleventh House (Significations)

Rules gain, income, acquisition, hope, friends, profits, elder brother, gold, wealth, paternal property, minister ship, awards, cooking, ear, important papers and documents and being the;

Ø 2^nd from 10H: income from own exertion

Ø 3^rd from 9H: paternal uncle/ aunts, short journeys of and messages from fathers

Ø 4^th from 8H: loss of mental tranquility, legal education, testators, occult knowledge

Ø 5^th from 7H: spouses affairs, business profits

Ø 6^th from 6H: enemy/ diseases/ death of enemy or servant or tenants

Ø 7^th from 5H: spouse of son

Ø 8^th from 4H: legacies from mothers

Ø 9^th from 3H: foreign journey of brother

Ø 10^th from 2H: family status and reputation

Ø 12^th from 12H : destruction of enemies and loss and regain of health

Twelfth House (Significations)

Rules sorrow, feet, left eye, loss, spy, secrets, intrigues, end, poverty, bad pleasures, debts, paternal wealth, enemy, moksha, injury, death, expenditure, loss of wife, foreign places and being the;

Ø 2^nd from 11H: wealth of friends

Ø 3^rd from 10H: journeys related to career

Ø 4^th from 9H: grandmother, ancestral property, sea travel

Ø 5^th from 8H: bequests and investment relating to children

Ø 6^th from 7H: wife illness and conjugal life

Ø 7^th from 6H: dispute with servant or tenant

Ø 8^th from 5H: death, calamity, kidnapping of children

Ø 9^th from 4H: foreign education and residence

Ø 10^th from 3H: brother’s career

Ø 11^th from 2H: gains of family

Shanker Adawal
www.shankerstudy.com, www.shankarsastro.com

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